2D 3D
	ID	DDInter1472
	Drug Type	small molecule
	Molecular Formula	C19H20N2O3S
	Molecular Weight	356.439
	CAS Number	111025-46-8
	Description	Pioglitazone is an antihyperglycemic used as an adjunct to diet, exercise, and other antidiabetic medications to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus.[L11416,L11419,L11422,L11425] It is administered as a racemic mixture, though there is no pharmacologic difference between the enantiomers and they appear to interconvert _in vivo_ with little consequence.[L11416] The thiazolidinedione class of medications, which also includes [rosiglitazone] and [troglitazone], exerts its pharmacological effect primarily by promoting insulin sensitivity and the improved uptake of blood glucose[L11416] via agonism at the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ).[A19757] PPARs are ligand-activated transcription factors that are involved in the expression of more than 100 genes and affect numerous metabolic processes, most notably lipid and glucose homeostasis.[A19759] Thiazolidinediones, including pioglitazone, have fallen out of favor in recent years due to the presence of multiple adverse effects and warnings regarding their use (e.g. congestive heart failure, bladder cancer) and the availability of safer and more effective alternatives for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.[L11461]
	ATC Classification	A10BD09 A10BG03 A10BD05 A10BD06 A10BD12
IUPAC Name	5-({4-[2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy]phenyl}methyl)-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione
InChI	HYAFETHFCAUJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Canonical SMILES	CCC1=CN=C(CCOC2=CC=C(CC3SC(=O)NC3=O)C=C2)C=C1
Useful Links	DrugBank ChEBI PubChem Substance KEGG Compound KEGG Drug ChemSpider BindingDB PharmGKB Therapeutic Targets Database Guide to Pharmacology Wikipedia ChEMBL